Engine mount bracket is one of the important parts of the car that produced by die-casting method. Failure of engine mount bracket can create irreparable risks. In the operating condition of the vehicle, the engine mount bracket is subjected to oscillatory loading, and manufacturing process such defects caused by uncontrolled casting parameters and its geometrical shape can effect on component Fatigue life. In this study, the Fatigue life of engine mount bracket was evaluated experimentally. Fatigue strength of specimen is derived that is 1. 24 times bigger than critical strength with high dispersion using the Locati-Stair Case method that shows this component in unsafe status. Therefore, finite element simulation was performed to determine the critical areas and improve the geometric shape. The locations of crack initiation were similar in Fatigue Test and finite element simulation. After improving the geometric shape of engine mount bracket, experimental Tests were performed again. The results showed an improvement of Fatigue strength up to 1. 33 times with lower dispersion that shows component is in safe status.

Fatigue Testing is commonly conducted using the single-edge notched beam (SENB) Test, which is not simple to prepare. With the widely use of Superpvae gyratory compactor with its consistent circular compacted samples, the industry is keen to find ways to utilize these samples in Testing. Therefore, the semi-circle notched beam (SCNB) Fatigue Test setup was introduced. However, there are no justified design criteria and/or standard Test procedure to evaluate Fatigue life of asphalt mixes using SCNB. Thus, there is a critical need for understanding the effect of the significance of each controlling Testing parameters to evaluate Superpave mixes resistance to Fatigue cracking using SCNB. In this study, common Testing parameters were investigated and the failure point due to Fatigue was clearly defined. In addition, when comparing Test results to the Asphalt Institute (AI) model, it was found that the cyclic load range of 30% to 60% of the ultimate strength could be utilized as an appropriate range with a loading frequency of 1 Hz, at which Test results illustrated that strain rate and loading range lay within reasonable range of AI design guidelines.

High-speed maglev train is considered an ideal vehicle in the 21st Century. The travel mechanism as an important part of the train, bears and delivers a variety of vertical and horizontal alternating load in operation. It affects the operation safety of the train directly, so key components of the travel mechanism should be under Fatigue strength Test by Fatigue Test machine. The paper proposed a variable frequency pump control Fatigue Test machine for high-speed maglev train. It simplified the structure and improved the stability and reliability by using variable frequency pump control technology to regulate the velocity of the motion of hydraulic cylinder. Introducing the operating principle of the system, established the simulation model including frequency converter, electromotor and hydraulic system. The system performance in the cases of variable load and variable speed is analyzed with the SIMULINK of MATLAB. The system is verified correct and feasible by comparing simulation results with the actual situations. Finally, control performance of the model system was optimized by using PID closed-loop controller as well. The variable frequency pump control Fatigue Test machine achieved high response and high energy efficiency, so it is suitable for Fatigue Test application.

Nowadays, the number of oscillations applied to some parts reaches the range of 107 and higher. Recently, researchers have used ultrasonic Fatigue Tests to study the Fatigue behavior in these parts. This device is considered because of the high frequency of loading and as a result, achieving a higher number of oscillations in a shorter time. There is no universally accepted standard for this Test, therefore, one of the geometries that are often used as a sample in this Test is the geometry in the form of an hourglass In this research, while investigating this geometry in order to achieve optimal geometry or achieve maximum stress, the effect of geometric parameters on temperature increase during high-frequency vibration or the thermoelastic effect, which is known as one of the disadvantages of ultrasonic Fatigue Testing, has been investigated. This effect should also be minimized. For this purpose, the dimensions of the hourglass geometry were defined as parameters and its changes were investigated using the simulation. The results showed by decreasing the radius of curvature, along with the stability of the middle diameter and the diameter of the cylindrical part, the amount of stress increases and also the amount of temperature changes decreases. On the other hand, the diameter of the cylindrical part increases, while the middle diameter and the amount If the curvature is constant, it will increase the amount of stress and temperature. The above results were evaluated using the experimental arrangement and a good match was observed in them.

Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease due to contact with different substances and caused by two mechanisms: allergy and irritation. Contact dermatitis is a common skin disease and the most common occupational dermatosis. Differentiating between allergic and irritant contact dermatitis is essential in the identification of etiologic factor(s) and hence, its control and prognosis. This differentiation can be done only by patch Test. Unfortunately, this simple, safe and useful Test is always neglected. We review the basics of patch Test, the method of performance, reading and interpretation of its results, possible side effects and results of studies done with patch Test in different countries.

Producion of efficient antimicrobial drugs against to common human pathogens is one of the most important challenges in the field of medical microbiology. Continuous screening of clinical isolates and survey of antimicrobial resistance pattern is critical.Today, disk diffusion and dilution methods are known as the common antimicrobial susceptibility Testing methods. Disk diffusion method does not render dependable results in determination of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern because this method is semi quantitative. MIC determination by microdilution and macrodilution techniques and recent method “E-Test”, have given interpretable results to researchers. Microdilution and macrodilution methods are also time consuming, expensive and error- prone methods. Whereas E-Test method is one of the means by which we will be able to determine susceptibility pattern of known species in low cost and short time. In this survey, constructing and printing of E-Test, coating of antibiotic on O.H.P film and quality control of constructed E-Tests were performed according to M7 A7 CLSI Standard. In this study quality of required materials for E-Test Production were suitable. Evaluation of constructed strips was performed using standard strain of staphylococcus aureus and reproducibly of results was appreciated.

Fatigue is a complex phenomenon that is explained as difficulty starting or keeping voluntary physical or mental activity leading to negative impacts on life and work performance. This study aimed to investigate the anti-Fatigue effects of Viola odorata L. in an animal model. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of V. odorata were prepared and total phenolics content was determined. Then, the anti-Fatigue activity of the extracts was evaluated via a weight-loaded forced swimming Test in the rat. To this end, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly classified into 6 groups. The control group using distilled water and other groups with ethanol (EVO,50, 100, 200 mg/kg) and aqueous extracts of V. odorata (WVO,50, 100mg/kg) were gavaged once daily for four weeks. Then, the forced swimming was conducted and swimming time, as a Fatigue factor was measured. In addition, to validate the effect of V. odorata on the endurance capacity of the rats, biochemical factors including glucose (Glc), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were examined in the serum. Hepatotoxicity was also assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Our Data indicated that the forced swimming time of the EVO-100, EVO-200, and WVO-100 groups was significantly increased. The serum Glucose in the group which received EVO-200 was increased significantly, while serum LDH levels in all treated groups were significantly decreased. Also, the serum level of TNF-α in the groups which received EVO-100 or 200 was increased significantly. However, there was no considerable difference in serum TNF-α level and no hepatotoxicity within aqueous extract groups. Pathology results showed fewer effects of the aqueous extract rather than ethanol extract on the liver. The results provide evidence for the development and use of V. odorata aqueous extract as an anti-Fatigue supplement.

The present study investigated varieties of C-Test as measures of General Language proficiency (GLP). C-Test was first introduced into language Testing as a modification of close procedure. The original C-Test was developed by mutilating the second half of every other word, beginning from word two ID sentence two of [l passage. Through various studies, C-Test proved an integrative and a highly reliable and valid measure of (GLP. The present study was also aimed at further confirming those findings by investigating not only the original C-Test but other varietis of C-Test. To this end ten C-Test versions were developed, by applying different deletion techniques and deletion rates, and were administered among nearly 500 senior EFL students, in the way that each form was given to almost 50 subjects. All the subjects had already taken a TOEFL. and a close Test prior to the administration of the C-Tests. The results of data analyses showed that C:-Test may measure different things one of which might be general language proficiency and as such, not all varieties of C-Test measure this construct to the same extent.